Sr-90 in water method6.pdf sr_v_hrani sr_v_hrani.pdf Strontium is more mobile than caesium, readily soluble in water and thus more difficult to track. This radioactive element was found after the accident in the soils of the 30 km exclusion zone around the reactor, and in the areas around Gomel and Mahilyow in southern Belarus. National and international experts believe that up to 80 per cent of the strontium has already passed into natural cycles (5.5). Toxicity Profiles RAGs A Format for Strontium-90 - CAS Number 10098972 Strontium-90 is one of 11 radioisotopes of strontium that are produced in nuclear fission. Strontium-90 is a low-energy beta emitter that decays to its radioactive daughter, yttrium-90, with a relatively long physical half-life of approximately 28 years. Because of radioactive decay, yttrium-90 is always present in the environment with strontium-90. Strontium-90 may be released to the environment from normal operation of nuclear power plants and reactors, nuclear plant accidents, past nuclear weapons testing, and leakage from radioactive waste sites. Strontium is an alkaline earth metal belonging to Group IIA of the periodic table. No information on the physical and chemical properties of strontium-90 was located, but the chemical behavior of a radionuclide is essentially the same as that of the stable element (stable strontium or strontium-88) and is similar to that of other elements in the same chemical group, such as calcium. Radionuclide uptake is expressed in units of activity [Curies (Ci) or Bequerels (Bq)] rather than mass. Absorbed dose is expressed in terms of rads or Grays (Gy); dose equivalent (the relative biological effectiveness of the type of radiation) is expressed in terms of rems or Sieverts (Sv). Many of the studies discussed in this profile were reviewed and summarized with activity units converted from Ci to Bq by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Metabolically, strontium is an analog of calcium. Strontium-90 is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract or the lung into the bloodstream and is subsequently deposited in bone. Retention in the bone is long-term, with yearly loss of the existing burden in adults of 7.5% from cortical bone and 30% from trabecular bone. Oral intake at high levels of activity results in irradiation of target organs and nearby tissues. At high exposures, death results from radiation-induced hemorrhagic syndrome; at lower exposures, death results from destruction of the bone marrow. Inhalation of soluble forms of strontium-90 at high activity levels resulted in early death of beagle dogs from bone marrow hypoplasia, panleukocytopenia, terminal hemorrhage, and bacterial infection. The EPA has classified all radionuclides as Group A, Carcinogens, based on their property of emitting ionizing radiation and on the weight of evidence provided by epidemiological studies of radiation-induced tumors in humans. The following is a presentation of the toxicity information associated with Strontium-90+D. Carcinogenic Health Effects

The Radioactive Half-life is 1.06 x 104 days.

* The ICRP Lung Type is medium (particulate).

* The Food Ingestion Slope Factor is 9.53E-11 risk/pCi.

* The Soil Ingestion Slope Factor is 1.44E-10 risk/pCi.

* The Water Ingestion Slope Factor is 7.4E-11 risk/pCi

* The Inhalation Slope Factor is 1.13E-10 risk/pCi.

* The External Slope Factor is 1.96E-8 risk/year per pCi/g soil.

* The Food and Water Ingestion Dominant Cancers are leukemia. * The Inhalation Dominant Cancer is lung.